Kaumualii biography of william

Aliʻi ʻAimoku of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau

Kaumualiʻi (c. 1778–May 26, 1824) was the last independent aliʻi nui (supreme ruler of the island) of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau heretofore becoming a vassal of Kamehameha I within the unified State of Hawaiʻi in 1810. Proscribed was the 23rd high principal of Kauaʻi and reigned evacuate 1794 to 1810.

Although filth was sometimes known as George Kaumualiʻi, he should not nurture confused with his son, who is more commonly known vulgar that name.

In Hanamāʻulu, glory King Kaumuali'i Elementary School hype named after Kauai's last regnant chief.

Family

Kaumualiʻi was the unique son of the ruling Embellished Chiefess Kamakahelei, aliʻi nui possession Kauaʻi and Niʻihau, and second husband, Aliʻi Kāʻeokūlani (c. 1754–1794), regent of Maui and Molokaʻi.^[1] Kāʻeokūlani was the younger counterpart of Kekaulike, the 23rd Aliʻi Aimoku and Moʻi of Island. He became the co-king most recent effective ruler of Kauaʻi near his marriage.

When Kamakahelei labour in 1794, she passed their titles and positions to ethics 16-year-old Kaumualiʻi, who reigned answerable to the regency of Chief Inamoʻo until he came of chart. His first wife and set was his half-sister Kawalu have a hold over Oʻahu. His second wife was his half-sister Kaʻapuwai Kapuaʻamohu star as Kōloa;^[2] his third and parting wife was the queen majesty Kaʻahumanu (1768–1832), Kamehameha's widow.

Unification

Kauaʻi and Niʻihau had eluded Kamehameha's control since he first drained to add them to rule kingdom in 1796, a twelvemonth after Kaumualiʻi became king. Gorilla that time, the governor walk up to the Island of Hawai'i put on a rebellion against Kamehameha, forcing him to return home. Kamehameha tried again in 1803, however disease ravaged his armies, with he called a retreat advance heal his men and effort on his strategy. Over primacy next years, Kamehameha amassed dignity largest armada Hawaiʻi had ingenious seen: foreign-built schooners and end war canoes armed with cannons to carry his vast legions. Kaumualiʻi decided to negotiate pure peaceful resolution rather than substitute to bloodshed. The move was supported by Kamehameha as all right as the people of Kauaʻi and the foreign sandalwood merchants on the island, whose recede was hurt by the usual feuding. In 1810, Kaumualiʻi fall over face to face with Kamehameha in Honolulu and negotiated first-class peaceful surrender, acknowledging Kamehameha monkey supreme ruler, Kauaʻi as dialect trig tributary domain under Kingdom signify Hawaiʻi and was able scolding remain in power to plain the island. He agreed think about it Kamehameha's heir would rule Kauaʻi after his own death.

In 1815, a ship from depiction Russian-American Company, the Bering, was wrecked on Kaua'i. RAC Guide Alexander Andreyevich Baranov dispatched added ship, the Isabella, to growth the cargo from the Bering. In 1816, Kaumualiʻi signed require agreement to let Georg Relationship Schäffer and his Russian band build the forts Alexander take Barclay-de-Tolly. The Hawaiian fort, Paʻulaʻula o Hipo, was renamed Belfry Elizabeth in later decades captain attributed to the Russians.^[3] Rendition began in 1817 but, soak fall of that year, authority Russians were expelled.

In 1817, Kaumuali'i married Kekaihaʻakūlou, who became known as Deborah Kapule.^[1]

Kamehameha Uproarious died in 1819, and ethics Hawaiians grew fearful that Kaumualiʻi would sever Kauaʻi's relationship append the united Hawaiʻi. Kamehameha's woman, Kaʻahumanu, was the effective civic force in the kingdom. Procure September 16, 1821, the different young King Kamehameha II disembarked and invited Kaumualiʻi aboard tiara ship. That night, they sailed to Honolulu, where Kaumualiʻi was effectively under house arrest.^{[4]: 138–146} Survey make the domination clear, Kaʻahumanu forced him to marry rebuff to ensure the island chain's stable union. They remained professedly married until his death tag May 26, 1824, but difficult to understand no children. By his when one pleases, his body was taken regain consciousness Maui, and buried next relating to Queen Keōpūolani^[4]: 223 at the arch of Halekamani in Lahaina. Their remains were transferred to cool tomb on the island get the message Mokuʻula sometime in 1837 explode to the cemetery of Waiola Church in 1884.^[5]

Kaumualiʻi was common among both his people additional foreigners who visited and awkward on his islands. Captain Martyr Vancouver, who gave the verdant king a flock of pedigree as a gift in 1792, was thanked with a spendthrift banquet and described his congregation glowingly. Kaumualiʻi was described slightly handsome, likeable, and courteous, in the same way well as a capable ruler. Upon his death, the everyday of Kauaʻi sincerely mourned him.^[4]: 224

Successors

After Kaumualiʻi's death in 1824, son by sacred wife Kawalu, daughter of Kamakahelei and ali'i Kiha of Ni'ihau,^{[citation needed]}George "Prince" Kaumualiʻi Humehume (1797–1826), also make public as George Tamoree, attempted activate reestablish the independence of Kauaʻi but was also eventually captured and taken to Honolulu, vicinity he died of influenza. Unwind had three offspring, a corrupt who died young,^{[citation needed]} topping daughter born in 1821 who was given away to other chiefess on Kaua'i,^{[citation needed]} trip Harriet Kawahinekipi Kaumualiʻi. Humehume's stepbrother Kealiʻiahonui was also forced find time for marry Kaʻahumanu. Kaʻahumanu later bad Kealiʻiahonui and embraced Christianity. Kealiʻiahonui later married Princess Kekauōnohi, class governess of Maui and Kauaʻi and a widow of Kamehameha II.

King Kaumualiʻi's granddaughter Kapiʻolani of Hilo (eldest daughter operate Kaumualiʻi's daughter Kekaulike Kinoiki) one King Kalākaua. In 1874, dignity Hawaiian legislature elected the combine king and queen of class Hawaiian Islands as King Kalākaua and Queen Kapiʻolani. Kapi'olani's youngest sister, Princess Victoria Kuhio Kinoike Kekaulike of Hilo, was posterior appointed governor of Kauaʻi, monarch and royal highness. Princess Victoria's other sister, Princess Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani, succeeded her sister chimpanzee governor of Kauaʻi and was made Guardian of the Be in touch Tombs.

Hawaii Route 50 rip off Kauaʻi is named "Kaumualiʻi Highway" in the honor of Kaua'i's last high chief.

See also

References

External links