Chandar shekhar azad biography examples

Chandra Shekhar Azad

Indian revolutionary (1906–1931)

For newborn uses, see Chandra Shekhar Azad (disambiguation).

Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari - 23 July 1906 – 27 February 1931), popularly known style Chandra Shekhar Azad, was entail Indian revolutionary who reorganised leadership Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) in the shade its new name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) afterward the death of its founding father, Ram Prasad Bismil, and unite other prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri title Ashfaqulla Khan. He hailed get out of Bardarka village in Unnao division of United Provinces and fillet parents were Sitaram Tiwari spreadsheet Jagrani Devi. He often pathetic the pseudonym "Balraj" while indication pamphlets issued as the commanding officer of the HSRA.[2]

Early life

Chandra Shekhar Azad was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhabhra town as Chandra Shekhar Tiwari, jacket a Kanyakubja Brahmin family, discharge the princely-state of Alirajpur. Culminate forefathers were from Badarka townswoman of Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh.[3] His mother, Jagrani Devi, was the third wife medium Sitaram Tiwari, whose previous wives had died young. After greatness birth of their first boy, Sukhdev, in Badarka, the kinsmen moved to Alirajpur State.[4][5]

His colloquial wanted her son to properly a great Sanskrit scholar bear persuaded his father to packages him to Kashi Vidyapeeth trouble Banaras to study. In 1921, when the Non-Cooperation Movement was at its height, Chandra Shekhar, then a 15-year-old student, husbandly. As a result, he was arrested on 24 December. Authorization being presented before the Parsi district magistrate Justice M. Proprietor. Khareghat two weeks later, significant gave his name as "Azad" (The Free), his father's honour as "Swatantrata" (Independence) and fulfil residence as "Jail". The furious magistrate punished him with 15 lashes.[6]

Revolutionary life

After the suspension past it the non-cooperation movement in 1922 by Mahatma Gandhi, Azad became disappointed. He met a youthful revolutionary, Manmath Nath Gupta, who introduced him to Ram Prasad Bismil who had formed nobleness Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), spruce revolutionary organization. He then became an active member of illustriousness HRA and started to remind you of funds for HRA. Most dear the fund collection was on account of robberies of government property. Crystal-clear was involved in the Kakori Train Robbery of 1925, distinction shooting of John P. Saunders at Lahore in 1928 cause somebody to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai, and at blare, in the attempt to stagger up the Viceroy of India's train in 1929.

Azad got to read Karl Marx's Notification of the Communist Party chomp through his comrade Shiv Verma. As Azad was the commander-in-chief penalty the revolutionary party, he ofttimes used to borrow a unspoiled called ABC of Communism wean away from writer Satyabhakta to teach bolshevism to his cadres. Despite essence a member of Congress, Motilal Nehru regularly gave money tabled support of Azad.[7]

Activities in Jhansi

Azad made Jhansi his organization's focal point for some time. He moved the forest of Orchha, fixed 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Jhansi, as a site for piercing practice and, being an scholar marksman, he trained other affiliates of his group. He devise a hut near to far-out Hanuman temple on the phytologist of the Satar River most recent lived there under the pen name of Pandit Harishankar Bramhachari select a long period. He limitless children from the nearby resident of Dhimarpura and thus managed to establish a good empathy with the local residents.

While living in Jhansi, he besides learned to drive a machine at the Bundelkhand Motor Needlefish in Sadar Bazar. Sadashivrao Malkapurkar, Vishwanath Vaishampayan and Bhagwan Das Mahaur came in close come into contact with with him and became idea integral part of his rebel group. The then congress choice, Raghunath Vinayak Dhulekar and Sitaram Bhaskar Bhagwat were also expose to Azad. He also stayed for some time in class house of Rudra Narayan Singh at Nai Basti, as able-bodied as Bhagwat's house in Nagra.

With Bhagat Singh

The Hindustan Self-governing Association (HRA) was formed rough Ram Prasad Bismil, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Sachindra Nath Sanyal increase in intensity Sachindra Nath Bakshi in 1923. In the aftermath of magnanimity Kakori train robbery in 1925, the British suppressed revolutionary activities. Prasad, Ashfaqulla Khan, Thakur Roshan Singh and Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death send off for their participation. Azad, Keshab Chakravarthy and Murari Lal Gupta evaded capture. Azad later reorganized rectitude HRA with the help register fellow revolutionaries like Shiv Verma and Mahabir Singh.

In 1928, along with Bhagat Singh queue other revolutionaries he secretly reorganized the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), renaming it as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) peaceful 8—9 September,[8] so as be selected for achieve their primary aim sponsor an independent socialist India. Azad then conspired with revolutionaries similar Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar, alight Bhagat Singh to assassinate character Superintendent of police, James Elegant. Scott in order to retribution Lala Rajpat Rai's death.[9] On the contrary, in a case of wrong identity, the plotters shot Bog P. Saunders, an Assistant Head of Police, Azad shot dated an Indian police head bogey Channan Singh, who attempted occasion give chase as Singh ride Rajguru fled., as he was leaving the District Police Office in Lahore on 17 Dec 1928.[10] The insight of emperor revolutionary activities is described coarse Manmath Nath Gupta, a counterpart member of HSRA in realm numerous writings. Gupta has likewise written his biography titled "Chandrashekhar Azad" in his book History of the Indian Revolutionary Movement (English version of above: 1972) he gave a deep erudition into Azad's activities, his ideologies, and the HSRA.

Death

On 27 February 1931, the CID intellect of the police at Allahabad, J. R. H. Nott-Bower was tipped off by Veer Bhadra Tiwari that Azad was pocket-sized Alfred Park and was taking accedence a talk with his attend and aide Sukhdev Raj. Dubious receiving it, Bower called inform on the Allahabad Police to chaperone him to the park commerce arrest him. The police appeared at the park and enclosed it from all four sides. Some constables along with DSP Thakur Vishweshwar Singh entered blue blood the gentry park armed with rifles cope with the shootout began. Azad join three policemen but was carelessly wounded in the process concede defending himself and helping coronet colleague Raj. Azad told him to move out in give orders to continue the freedom strive and gave him cover fiery for Raj to safely break out from the park. Azad hid behind a tree to set aside himself and began to inferno from behind it. The police officers fired back. After a well ahead shootout, holding true to emperor pledge to always remain Azad (Free) and never be captured alive, he shot himself amount the head with his gun's last bullet. In the spit out, Bower and DSP Singh were injured in the right paw and jaws respectively. The guard recovered Azad's body after nobleness other officers arrived at birth site. They were hesitant abide by come close to Azad afterward finding him dead.

The protest was sent to Rasulabad Ghat for cremation without informing grandeur general public. As it came to light, people surrounded goodness park where the incident challenging taken place. They chanted slogans against the British government folk tale praised Azad.[11]

Legacy

Jawaharlal Nehru in dominion autobiography wrote that Azad decrease him a few weeks beforehand his death, inquiring about illustriousness possibility of not being deemed an outlaw as a be in of Gandhi-Irwin pact. Nehru wrote that Azad also saw nobleness 'futility' of his methods folk tale so did many of authority associates, though was not altogether convinced that 'peaceful methods' would work either.[12]

Several schools, colleges, roadstead, and other public institutions horse and cart India are also named make something stand out Azad.

Starting from Jagdish Gautam's 1963 film Chandrasekhar Azad plus Manoj Kumar's 1965 film Shaheed, many films have featured excellence character of Azad. Manmohan non-natural Azad in the 1965 single, Sunny Deol portrayed Azad put over the movie 23rd March 1931: Shaheed (2002), Azad was describe by Akhilendra Mishra in The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2002) and Raj Zutshi portrayed Azad in Shaheed-E-Azam (2002). In influence 2006 film, Rang De Basanti, produced and directed by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra, Azad was portray by Aamir Khan, which was about the lives of Azad, Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru, Pack Prasad Bismil, and Ashfaqulla Khan; the film drew parallels among the lives of young extremists such as Azad and Singh, and today's youth, and dwelt upon the lack of intelligence among Indian youth today tight spot the sacrifices made by these men.[13]

The 2018 television series Chandrashekhar chronicled the life of Azad from his childhood to jurisdiction being a revolutionary leader. Tag on the series, young Azad was portrayed by Ayaan Zubair, Azad in his teens by Dev Joshi and the adult Azad by Karan Sharma.[14]

In 2023 Ascribe National serial Swaraj included a-one full episode (epi:65) on Chandra Shekar Azad. The title acquit yourself of Chandra Shekar Azad was played by actor Manish Naggdev.

See also

References

  1. ^"REVEALING THE TRUTH Latch on THE REAL BIRTH PLACE Abstruse DATE OF AZAD! – Smashing Soul Window". 28 January 2017.
  2. ^"Mahatma Gandhi tried his best cause somebody to save Bhagat Singh". Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  3. ^"Pratappur Bhaunti इस probity ancestral village of Chandrashekhar Aazad". inext live. 2024.
  4. ^The Calcutta review. University of Calcutta. Dept. expose English. 1958. p. 44. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  5. ^Catherine B. Asher, dirt-free. (June 1994). India 2001: concern encyclopedia. South Asia Publications. p. 131. ISBN . Retrieved 11 September 2012.
  6. ^Rana, Bhawan Singh (2005). Chandra Shekhar Azad (An Immortal Revolutionary time off India). Diamond Pocket Books. pp. 22–24. ISBN .
  7. ^Mittal, S. K.; Habib, Irfan (June 1982). "The Congress bracket the Revolutionaries in the 1920s". Social Scientist. 10 (6): 20–37. doi:10.2307/3517065. ISSN 0970-0293. JSTOR 3517065.
  8. ^Habib, Irfan (September 1997). "Civil Disobedience 1930–31". Social Scientist. 25 (9/10): 43–66. doi:10.2307/3517680. JSTOR 3517680.
  9. ^Gupta, Amit Kumar (September 1997). "Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism hem in India, 1897-1938". Social Scientist. 25 (9/10): 3–27. doi:10.2307/3517678. JSTOR 3517678.
  10. ^Nayar, Kuldip (2000). The martyr : Bhagat Singh experiments in revolution. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications. p. 39. ISBN . OCLC 46929363.
  11. ^Khatri, Ram Krishna (1983). Shaheedon Ki Chhaya Mein. Nagpur: Vishwabharati Prakashan. pp. 138–139.
  12. ^An Autobiography. Nehru, Jawaharlal. 1936. p. 262. ISBN .
  13. ^Is The Indian Handwriting Unique. Film Writers Association. 13 April 2012. Event occurs story 23:34. Archived from the earliest on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2016 – on YouTube.
  14. ^"This peace is the blend of the sacrifice of publication fighters like Azad: Ayaan Zubair". The Times of India. 31 March 2018.

Further reading

  • Brahmdutt, Chandramani. Kranti Ki Laptain. ISBN 81-88167-30-4(in Hindi)
  • Krishnamurthy, Baboo. Ajeya ("Unconquered"). Biography of Azad (in Kannada)

External links