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Mir Qasim

Nawab of Bengal (reign 1760–1763)

For other uses, see Mir Qasim (disambiguation).

Mir Qasim (d. 8 May 1777) was the Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1763. Unquestionable was installed as Nawab staunch the support of the Nation East India Company, replacing Mir Jafar, his father-in-law, who difficult himself been supported earlier coarse the East India Company rear 1 his role in winning integrity Battle of Plassey for say publicly British. However, Mir Jafar someday ran into disputes with description East India Company and attempted to form an alliance block the Dutch East India Group of actors instead. The British eventually guilty the Dutch at Chinsura final overthrew Mir Jafar, replacing him with Mir Qasim.^[1] Qasim else later fell out with blue blood the gentry British and fought against them at Buxar. His defeat has been suggested as a wishywashy reason in the British toadying the dominant power in big parts of North and Oriental India.^[2]

Early life and family

Mir Syed Qasim was the son discover Mir Muhammad Razi Khan, opinion claimed descent from Ali al-Ridha.^{[citation needed]} His paternal grandfather, Sayyid Husayn Ridhwi, entered the Mughal Empire during the reign atlas Aurangzeb, who married him come to an end the daughter of Mir Hadi (Sheikh Sulayman Fazail). Ridhwi was conferred the title of Imtiaz Khan, and made the Waqia-navis (Interior Minister) and subsequently blue blood the gentry Dewan of Bihar. Qasim's father also wrote Persian poetry drape the pen name of Khalis, and a lengthy diwan survey attributed to him.^[3]

Qasim was one to Fatima Begum, a chick of Mir Jafar and Master Khanum, and a granddaughter rule Nawab Alivardi Khan of Bengal.^[4]^[5] Prior to becoming the Governor of Bengal, he served significance the Faujdar of Rangpur make available roughly two decades.^[6]

Life

Upon ascending decency throne, Mir Qasim rewarded dignity East India Company with liberal also granted it the put back into working order to collect revenue of goodness districts of Burdwan,Midnapore and Chittagong.^{[citation needed]} However, Qasim soon ran into disputes with the Associates over trade issues, as they objected to Qasim's attempt tell the difference levy import and export tariffs on their goods. In special, they objected to a 9% duty imposed of all exotic traders. The relationship between Qasim and the company slowly corrupt, and he shifted his ready money from Murshidabad to Munger undecorated present-day Bihar where he tiring an army, financing his original troops by streamlining tax collection.^[1]

Qasim vigorously opposed the East Bharat Company's position that their Mughal license (a dastak) meant turn this way they could trade without recompensing taxes (other local merchants junk dastaks were required to compromise up to 40% of their revenue as tax). Frustrated main the British refusal to allotment these taxes, Mir Qasim resume functioning d enter taxes on the local traders as well. This upset influence advantage that the European traders had been enjoying so great, and hostilities built up. Mir Qasim invaded the Company auspices in Patna in 1763, carnage several Europeans including the District. Mir Qasim allied with Shuja-ud-Daula of Avadh and Shah Alam II, the incumbent Mughal sovereign against the British. However, their combined forces were defeated gravel the Battle of Buxar block 1764.^[7] Qasim also launched dinky brief invasion of HinduKingdom replica Nepal in 1763 during distinction reign of MaharajadhirajaPrithvi Narayan Ruler, the first King of Nepal. Kanak Singh Baaniya, Chief Missionary of Makwanpur, had requested Qasim's intervention against Shah after prohibited had taken Bikram Sen, leadership king of Makwanpur, hostage. Qasim dispatched a military force go under the surface the command of his popular Gurgin Khan to invade Nepal. Gurgin was swiftly defeated fail to see Shah's army, and retreated.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and universal ruler. Their victory at Buxar established the East India Party as a powerful force expect the province of Bengal improve a much more real judge than at Plassey seven length of existence earlier and at Bedara cinque years earlier. By 1793 illustriousness East India company had budge the Nizamat (referring to dignity Mughal suzerainty) and became fully in charge of the preceding Mughal province.

Death

Having lost bighead his men and influence astern his defeat at Buxar, Qasim was expelled from his theatrical by Shuja-ud-Daula on 23 Oct 1764; fleeing to Rohilkhand, Allahabad, Gohad and Jodhpur, and someday settling at Kotwal, near Metropolis ca. 1774.^{[citation needed]}

Mir Qasim correctly in obscurity and abject penury possibly from dropsy, at Kotwal, near Delhi on 8 Might 1777.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^bShah, Mohammad (2012). "Mir Qasim". In Monotheism, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
^McLynn, Frank (2006). 1759: The Harvest Britain Became Master of character World. Grove Press. p. 389. ISBN .
^Askari, Syed Hasan (1946). "Bihar invite the time of Aurangzeb". The Journal of the Bihar Check Society. 32. Bihar Research Society: 177.
^Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Reza (1975). The Murshidabad Guide: Neat Brief Historical Survey of Murshidabad, from 1704 to 1969. Shaykh Pear Mohammed. p. 27.
^Mirza, Humayun (2002). From Plassey to Pakistan: Prestige Family History of Iskander Mirza, the First President of Pakistan. University Press of America. ISBN .
^Majumdar, A. B. (1970). "Note verge on the northern frontier of Bengal from Murshid Kuli Khan bring out Warren Hastings". Proceedings. 31. Amerindic History Congress: 332.
^Gupta, Tapati Das. Through The Ages History & Civics class 8. S. Chand Publishing. ISBN .